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4 TẦNG CÔNG NGHỆ CHIẾU SÁNG – CÁC GIAI ĐOẠN PHÁT TRIỂN
Cùng với sự phát triển của ngành chiếu sáng thế giới, Rạng Đông đã trải qua 4 tầng công nghệ chiếu sáng là công nghệ điện chân không, công nghệ đèn phóng điện hơi thủy ngân áp suất thấp, công nghệ chiếu sáng rắn và Hệ sinh thái LED 4.0.
1. Công nghệ điện chân không (sản xuất đèn dây tóc 1961-1993):
– Đèn dây tóc ra đời vào khoảng năm 1880 nhờ phát minh của Thomas Edison. Đèn hoạt động theo nguyên lý biến đổi nhiệt năng thành quang năng. Nói một cách dễ hiểu hơn là dòng điện chạy qua làm cho dây tóc nóng đỏ và phát sáng. Và trong 32 năm làm chủ công nghệ điện chân không này, Rạng Đông đã sản xuất 36 loại bóng đèn đèn dây tóc.
– Ưu điểm duy nhất của đèn này là chỉ số hoàn màu cao CRI =100. Tuy nhiên, do chỉ có 10% điện năng được chuyển thành quang năng còn 90% chuyển thành nhiệt năng nên loại đèn này tiêu tốn rất nhiều điện. Bạn có thể thấy trong ảnh trên, để có lượng ánh sáng 1.200 lm, cần công suất tận 100w. Ngoài ra, đèn có thời gian sử dụng ngắn chỉ khoảng 6 tháng (bình quân sử dụng 6 giờ/ngày)
2. Công nghệ phóng điện hơi thủy ngân áp suất thấp (sản xuất đèn huỳnh quang & compact 1993-2015)
– Đèn phóng điện hơi thủy ngân áp suất thấp ra đời trong bối cảnh nhu cầu sử dụng điện tại Việt Nam tăng trong khi tình trạng thiếu điện EVN dự báo sẽ ngày trở nên nghiêm trọng.
– Nguyên lý hoạt động của đèn này là: Dưới tác dụng của dòng điện trong môi trường chân không, bức xạ tử ngoại của ion thủy ngân kích thích bột lớp bột huỳnh quang phát sáng.
– Đèn huỳnh quang vượt trội hơn đèn dây tóc ở 2 điểm: hiệu suất phát quang cao và tuổi thọ cao 10.000 – 15.000 giờ. Với cùng lượng ánh sáng 1200 lm phát ra, một chiếc đèn compact (dạng thu nhỏ của đèn tuýp huỳnh quang) chỉ cần công suất 20w. So với đèn dây tóc, đèn huỳnh quang tiết kiệm lên đến 80% điện năng tiêu thụ.
– Gần 22 năm làm chủ công nghệ đèn phóng điện hơi thủy ngân áp suất thấp, Rạng Đông đã sản xuất hàng trăm triệu đèn huỳnh quang và huỳnh quang compact cung cấp cho cả thị trường Việt Nam và xuất khẩu, tạo bước ngoặt lớn trong quá trình phát triển công ty.
Tuy vậy, đèn phóng điện hơi thủy ngân áp suất thấp tồn tại một số nhược điểm như có sử dụng hơi thủy ngân/viên amalgan gây ô nhiễm môi trường và một số chất hiếm gây cạn kiệt nguồn tài nguyên.
3. Công nghệ chiếu sáng rắn (Đèn LED)
– Đèn LED ra đời từ những năm 1980 nhưng nó chỉ được sử dụng rộng rãi sau khi 3 nhà khoa học Nhật Bản phát minh ra đi-ốt phát sáng (LED) màu xanh dương, giúp tạo ra các nguồn sáng sáng hơn và tiết kiệm năng lượng. Phát minh này của họ đã đạt giải Nobel Vật lý năm 2014.
– Nguyên lý hoạt động của đèn LED rất đơn giản. Các đi-ốt sẽ phát sáng khi có dòng điện chạy qua. Đèn LED tiết kiệm 90% điện năng so với đèn sợi đốt và 50-60% điện năng so với đèn huỳnh quang và có tuổi thọ cao lên đến 50.000 giờ. Đây là ưu điểm vượt trội hơn hẳn so với 2 loại đèn trước đó và bạn có thể thấy rõ nét qua các thông số của 1 bóng đèn LED bulb ngay trên đây.
Một số hình ảnh nghiên cứu, thiết kế và sản xuất các sản phẩm đèn LED
4. Hệ sinh thái LED 4.0
Hệ sinh thái LED 4.0 ra đời ứng dụng thành tựu của thế giới về sinh học, y học và công nghệ thông tin. Ánh sáng giờ đây không còn chỉ phục vụ chức năng nhìn thấy mà có thể thay đổi phổ ánh sáng, màu sắc ánh sáng, cường độ chiếu sáng, phù hợp với nhịp sinh học của con người và hẹn giờ, thiết lập kịch bản…tùy theo nhu cầu sử dụng.
4 tầng công nghệ chiếu sáng đã gắn liền với lịch sự phát triển của Rạng Đông trong 60 năm qua. Mỗi lần chuyển tầng công nghệ không những không xảy ra hiện tượng sao đổi ngôi mà ngày càng khẳng định vị thế của Rạng Đông trong thị trường chiếu sáng tại Việt Nam.
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